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Mangroves in Depth
Another common estuarine habitat found around the world is mangroves. Mangrove forests look like a maze of waxy leafed trees on stilts. Mangrove trees grow near the ocean’s edge where winter weather stays above 16° C. Most mangrove estuaries are found in tropical and subtropical climates near the equator.
There are many species of mangrove trees, several of which can survive in oxygen poor (hypoxic) soils. Just like salt marshes, each type of mangrove tree requires a different water level, oxygen content and salinity. Different mangrove trees grow in places that best suit their requirements.
Slow moving, sheltered waters between the mangrove roots provide breeding and nursery grounds for fish, crabs and other animals. Many birds nest and roost in the dense tree branches. Decaying leaves and vegetation from the mangrove trees fall into the water and provide nutrients for animals and plants. Slow moving water allows sediments and mud to collect around the roots. Mangroves help stabilize and protect coastlines, by trapping and reducing erosion from storm surges, currents, waves and tides. Mangroves, like salt marshes, are important to many migrating birds.
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Last Updated on: 06-24-2008
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